If you have configured your e-mail address as a POP account then you will have the option to decide whether downloaded mail should remain on the server as well as how long it should remain there.
The following steps will assist you in adjusting the setting for leaving mail on the server in Outlook 2010:
1. In Outlook 2010, select File / Account Settings.
2. Select Add and remove accounts or change existing connection settings.
3. Double-click on your e-mail account.
4. In the Change Account box, select More Settings.
5. When the More Settings box appears, select the tab labelled Advanced.
6. Leave a copy of messages on the server:
- Remove the tick if you would prefer to have the messages deleted immediately after they have been downloaded.
- Place a tick in this box if you want to leave a copy of your downloaded mail on the server (recommended if you access this account from another device, such as a mobile phone).
- If you have enabled this option, then you should also tick the box labelled Remove from server after "x" days and set this to a period of either 1 or 2 days.
7. Click OK to save the changes.